Polygraphic dictionary
HB print s.r.o offers a clear polygraphic dictionary for better understanding.
Sheet
A sheet of a specific size of paper to print on.
Color
Specifies the number of colors on one side of the paper divided by the number of colors on the other side.
It is printed from rule 4 with basic colors (CMYK).
Direct color printing = according to the Pantone swatch
Printing color marking:
1/0 - monochrome printing on one side only
1/1 - monochrome printing on both sides
2/0 - two-color printing on one side
2/2 - two-color printing on both sides
3/0 - three-color printing on one side
3/1 - three-color printing on one side, one-color printing on the other side
3/2 - three-color printing on one side, two-color printing on the other side
3/3 - tri-color printing on both sides
4/0 - four-color printing on one side
4/1 - four-color printing on one side, monochrome printing on the other side
4/2 - four-color printing on one side, two-color printing on the other side
4/3 - four-color printing on one side, three-color printing on the other side
4/4 - four-color printing on both sides
CMYK
4 basic colors:
C - Cyan (cyan)
M - Magenta
Y - Yellow
K - Key (black)
Creasing
Used for weights from 170g.
In the first phase, a groove is pressed into the material.
DTP
Abbreviation from English Desktop publishing.
The term used for computer typesetting, ie the use of computer technology for
processing of text, images and other graphic material for the preparation of the final
graphic masters in a format suitable for printing.
Folding
Paper folding machine.
Flexographic printing
Vertical printing technique, with extensive commercial use in printing large formats of soft materials such as foils, cardboards and cardboards.
Font
It is defined as a complete set of characters of the alphabet of one size and uniform style.
Format
Dimension expressed as width x height in millimeters.
Paper weight
The basis weight of the paper, which expresses the thickness of the paper.
Spine of the book
For glued bindings it is always straight, for bound books it can be straight or rounded.
ISBN
Alphanumeric code designed to uniquely identify book editions.
Book block
Indicates bound and trimmed sheets of a book without a cover. This block is glued ("hung") to the envelope plates at the end of production by means of a cover.
Painting
Protects the printed matter from external influences. If only a part is painted, it is a partial painting.
Lamination
The surface of the printed matter is covered with a transparent plastic film, which can have different thicknesses.
Cardboard
Multilayer sheet material. The types of cardboard are: bookbinding, corrugated or folding.
Quarry
Instead of folding the paper.
Enameled paper
Paper with multiple coated surface. Leaflets, office boards, invitations are most often printed.
Dummy
Model of printed matter, where it is possible to assess the appearance, weight, size and finishing of the product.
Cargo
Agreed number of publications. The higher the load, the lower the price.
Proof
Printed in various ways used to check the processed print order. The purpose of the proof is to reveal possible errors in the exclusion, content and especially the coloring of the order before the printing form and the actual printing.
Standard page
A standardized page of text with a certain number of characters, including spaces. A range of 1,800 characters (symbols and spaces), which corresponds to thirty lines of sixty characters or approximately 250 words of plain text.
Offset paper
Its surface is not treated. Used on letterhead or inside books and brochures.
Exposure
The last step of prepress. Print data is transferred to the printing plate.
Perforation
Adjust the paper to make it torn off.
Cover
Paper or textiles used to cover the cardboard of book covers and to join them.
Cover
Paper protection of book covers, which has mainly an advertising function.
Adapter
A double sheet (harder paper) that connects a book block to book covers. There is a front and back cover in the book. It can be blank or printed with an illustration.
Mintage
Extrusion of the pattern using a produced block.
Tolerance
The process by which folders for a book block are most often dropped.
Fallout
Overlap of the document to be printed, which prevents a narrow strip of unprinted area from appearing at the edge.
Spad must be used for all printed materials where the color should be up to the edge.
The slope is 3-5 mm wide. Depending on the printing technology used and further processing, a larger or smaller drop may be required.
Print on the fly
The format includes the front and back of the printed matter.
Vaccine
Blank sheet in brochure. Used to separate chapters or parts or as a sheet
designed to complement the ideal number of pages for binding processing.
Binding and its types
Binding V1 = components inserted into each other, sewn in the spine with wire staples
Binding V2 = individual leaves are glued in the spine to the block and hung in a soft envelope
Binding V3 = individual sheets are sewn from above with staples
Binding V4 = book folders are sewn in the spine with fusible thread and then removed and classically sewn
Binding V5 = book block glued or sewn is hung in plates made of lighter cardboard
Binding V6 = book block is glued from lighter cardboard, eg children's jigsaw puzzles
Binding V7 = the book block sewn is hung in rigid plates with a combined cover
Binding V8 = the sewn book block is hung in rigid plates with an uncombined cover
Binding V9 = book block sewn is hung in plastic plates, which is reinforced with unsoftened PVC foil or cardboard